Maritime safety is a critical concern in the Internet of Things (IoT) era, where numerous connected devices are deployed to monitor and manage various aspects of maritime operations. This paper proposes an Improved Grey Wolf Optimized Fuzzy Logic Classifier (IGWO-FLC) based routing path selection algorithm and an improved RC4 based secured key management scheme for enhancing maritime safety in IoT environments. The IGWO-FLC algorithm is employed to determine the optimal path for data transmission in a maritime IoT network. It combines the advantages of the Grey Wolf Optimization (GWO) algorithm and fuzzy logic to consider distance, signal strength, reliability, and security. Moreover, in maritime IoT networks, an Improved Rivest Cipher 4 (RC4) based secured key management scheme is proposed. The results obtained through simulation demonstrate that the proposed approach provides improved outcomes of 295.3 kbps throughput, 99.25% packet delivery ratio, 2.4% energy consumption and 0.28% routing overhead.