Home Computational Investigation of Magnetophoretic Separation of Blood-Cell-Inspired Particles in Serpentine Microchannels

Publications

Computational Investigation of Magnetophoretic Separation of Blood-Cell-Inspired Particles in Serpentine Microchannels

Year : 2026

Publisher : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.

Source Title : IEEE Transactions on Magnetics

Document Type :

Abstract

We computationally investigate magnetophoretic separation characteristics of blood-cell-inspired particles representing white blood cells (WBCs) and red blood cells (RBCs) in serpentine microchannels under saline-water diluted conditions. The flow field inside the microchannel and the induced magnetic field distribution are numerically simulated using a finite-element-based framework, while particle trajectories are obtained through Newtonian particle tracking. The study systematically examines the influence of magnetic configuration, channel geometry, and flow conditions on magnetic field gradients, particle trajectories, recovery, purity, and separation efficiency. The results demonstrate that serpentine microchannels generate stronger and more non-uniform magnetic field gradients compared to planar configurations, thereby enhancing magnetophoretic manipulation and particle separation. The influence of magnet geometry is also analyzed, revealing that square-shaped magnets provide the most favorable separation characteristics among the investigated configurations due to stronger localized magnetic field gradients. Furthermore, the combined effects of Reynolds number, serpentine channel amplitude, and magnet position are shown to govern the balance between magnetophoretic and hydrodynamic drag forces, leading to distinct operating windows for enhanced separation performance. The present work should be interpreted as a first-order computational design study employing simplified particle surrogates under low-Reynolds-number conditions. The findings provide physical insights and computational design guidelines for the development and optimization of magnetophoretic microfluidic separators for blood-cell-inspired particles in lab-on-chip applications.