Maize residue is considered a significant feedstock for biogas production, especially in regions where it is abundantly cultivated. Maize ensilage undergoes chemical changes during the silage period, which positively impact biogas yield. This study investigates the impact of maize plant age, ensilage period, digestion temperature, substrate characteristics, biogas production, and substrate degradation rate on anaerobic digestion efficiency. Two samples of maize, differing in age by 20 days (Maize silage90 days) and (Maize silage110 days), were ensiled for 100 days, in a batch mode under mesophilic (35°C) and thermophilic (55°C) conditions for 60 days for anaerobic digestion. The results revealed that under thermophilic conditions, biogas production from Maize silage90 was 8.86% higher than from Maize silage110, while under mesophilic conditions, Maize silage90 produced 22.86% more biogas than Maize silage110. The rate of COD degradation reached 95.99% (Maize silage90) and 93.75% (Maize silage110) under thermophilic conditions, while 93.75% (Maize silage90) and 88.94% (Maize silage110) under mesophilic conditions. These results indicate that the younger maize plant, combined with appropriate silage and temperature, can substantially enhance biogas yield and substrate degradation, providing a basis for optimizing AD performance.