In many parts of the world, there is growing support for the development of a COVID-19 vaccine. This brief examines the challenges that the world must face in order to effectively produce and distribute a vaccine. It advocates for the vaccine to be distributed in a fair and equitable manner in order to save as many lives as possible. This manuscript is a multi-parameter mathematical model to justify a vaccine claim based on age, co-morbidity, and income. In this time of public health crisis, it is critical to create a regulatory framework for the distribution of vaccines and the allocation of scarce healthcare resources. Vaccination is an effective way to protect vulnerable people from infectious diseases. Different age groups of the population have different disease vulnerabilities and contact frequencies. This model’s primary motivation is to maximize the effects and optimize the distribution of vaccine doses to individual groups, thereby reducing the number of infectious people during an epidemic.