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Tuberculosis transmission with multiple saturated exogenous reinfections

Author : Dr Saduri Das

Year : 2024

Publisher : World Scientific

Source Title : International Journal of Biomathematics

Document Type :

Abstract

In this paper, a nonlinear mathematical model for tuberculosis transmission, which incorporates multiple saturated exogenous reinfections, is proposed and explored. The existence of disease-free and endemic steady states is investigated. Disease-free equilibrium (DFE) is locally asymptotically stable (LAS) but not globally asymptotically stable (GAS) when the basic reproduction number, R0 1. Further, the EEP is GAS when R0 > 1, provided there is no exogenous reinfection. When R0 is below unity, the presence of multiple endemic equilibria is found which leads to backward bifurcation. It is demonstrated that the system encounters a Hopf-bifurcation when the transmission rate β crosses a critical value, resulting in the formation of limit cycles, i.e. periodic solutions bifurcate around the EEP when β passes a critical value. The stability and direction of Hopf-bifurcation are also studied. The results of the analytical work are validated through numerical simulations. A numerical simulation illustrates that EEP losses its stability via Hopf-bifurcation for specific parameters. However, when the bifurcation parameter β is increased further, the EEP regains its stability. In addition, Hopf-bifurcation occurs due to exogenous reinfection rates p and θ. Thus, our model shows some important nonlinear dynamical behaviors.