Strength and stiffness criterion-based classification of the cold-formed steel welded beam-to-column connections

Publications

Strength and stiffness criterion-based classification of the cold-formed steel welded beam-to-column connections

Year : 2025

Publisher : Elsevier Ltd

Source Title : Journal of Constructional Steel Research

Document Type :

Abstract

An experimental investigation into the moment-rotation response of cold-formed steel (CFS) welded clip-angle beam-to-column joint was conducted through a series of 34 laboratory connection tests. The web, top flange, and bottom flange sections of both the beam and column were fastened using a welded clip-angle (CA), a bolted top flange cleat (FC), and a bolted bottom flange cleat (FC) in that order. The assessed connection exhibited several modes of failure, including (i) distortional buckling of the welded CA, (ii) local buckling of the welded CA, (iii) pull through failure of the top FC and (iv) bearing failure of the bottom FC. The analysis revealed that the design variables of the welded CA, namely thickness, width, and depth, significantly impact the failure modes, ultimate moment capacity, and initial rotational stiffness of the connections under examination. Classifying connections is essential for accurate analysis, effective design, and safe, economical structural performance. However, current design codes lack guidelines for CFS connections; this research aims to address that gap. The moment-rotation properties of the CFS beam were experimentally evaluated and used as a reference for the categorization of the tested cold-formed steel (CFS) connections. A new classification framework for the CFS beam-to-column welded CA connections was developed by employing the aggregated data from 97 laboratory tests, which includes both prior literature and current test series. Based on their relative strength and stiffness in relation to the connected beam, the CFS connections were divided into three distinct categories: rigid, semi-rigid, and flexible. Design guidelines have also been suggested to achieve the required degree of connection rigidity and most of the tested connections exhibited semi-rigid properties.