Abstract
In this article, a novel compact dual-band uniform circular array (UCA) is proposed to generate the conical-shaped orbital angular momentum (OAM) beam with high azimuthal symmetry for vehicular communication. Most antenna designs proposed in the past for obtaining conical-shaped radiation patterns have complex structures and are very expensive. However, the generation of conical-shaped patterns by an OAM antenna provides simplicity in the structural realization and is compact for integrating with transceiver circuits. By selecting circularly polarized (CP) patches as array elements of a UCA, conical-shaped OAM beams can be generated. The proposed UCA consists of a simple feed network with eight dual-band CP elements. The required phase delay for generating OAM beam ((Formula presented.) = +1 mode) is obtained by rotating the CP elements (Formula presented.) in clock wise direction. The UCA is 150 mm (Formula presented.) 140 mm in size, fabricated on a FR4 substrate, and experimentally tested. The measured results confirm that the generated OAM beam has conical-shaped radiation patterns at 5.3 and 5.77 GHz. The generated OAM beam has a peak gain of 10 dBi with high mode purity and a divergence angle of (Formula presented.) in both simulated and measured findings.