This paper introduces a 3-D near-field microwave imaging approach, combining a special 2-D multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) structure with orthogonal coding and Fourier domain processing. The proposed MIMO coded generalized reduced dimension Fourier algorithm effectively reduces data dimensionality while preserving valuable information, streamlining image reconstruction. Through mathematical derivations, we show how the proposed approach includes phase and amplitude compensators and reduces the computational complexity while mitigating propagation loss effects. Numerical simulations confirm the approach’s satisfactory performance in terms of information retrieval and processing speed.