In India, the operation of public health system is hampered by quality and accessibility of the available data collected at various sites across the country. Effective implementation of health programs like National Health Mission (NHM) is a big challenge for the Indian government as well as public health professionals because it’s very difficult to monitor each and every activity at ground level due to lack of skilled human resource. There are various health programs on Disease Surveillance, Family Planning, Reproductive and Child Health, Vector Borne Diseases, Iodine Deficiency Disorder, Leprosy, Blindness, HIV/AIDS and Tuberculosis under NHM governed by separate divisions in the Union Health Ministry, India. Data is published separately by these divisions and made available to officials for the response, action, planning and policy making. In this paper, we introduce a technology-driven model of strengthening public health activities through the Internet of Things (IoT) in India by providing data on public health activities at one place. This would help to monitor the activities at different levels of the healthcare system and respond in a timely manner. Implementation of IoT through installation of sensors across Primary and Community Health Centers (PHCs and CHCs), District and Specialized Hospitals and Government Medical Colleges to maintain the routine data collected on the health activities under different national programs. This would consequently transmit the data to the centralized server of Central Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, India where data would be processed and provide information so that the trends of diseases across the country could be understood in a timely, effective and clear manner. This would help the ministry officials and public health professionals to prioritize the situation and take necessary steps. The proposed technology framework is a large chain of smart equipments where the entered data can be stored and processed. The devices then transmit the data for analysis to the main server of the Central Health Ministry to provide alerts on the trends of diseases in a timely manner. After the observation of disease trends,the necessary steps of mitigation and prevention across the nation could be taken. This would also facilitate to inform the people during a natural disaster. IoT would help to identify few hidden factors that would be a responsible for effective implementation or hinder the program process. Considering the present situation in India, the IoT based Smart disease surveillance system (SDSS) would be a considerable intervention in the field of Public Health. In the current situation, data is reported on weekly interval and the national health officials dependent on the local health units for the reports. This type of smart device system would change the scenario of data reporting and decrease the burden of the district and the state health officials by registering with the Central Health Ministry server for the IoT based smart device and timely update their records and reduce the under-reporting of cases.