Abstract
This work presents a techno-economic assessment of Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems for the sustainable electrification of remote area in western India. Utilizing realtime meteorological data and the combination of Gray wolf optimization and particle swarm optimization technique, the study optimizes the configurations and sizing of photovoltaic, wind turbine, energy storage, and grid components to minimize both the Levelized Cost of Energy and Total Net Present Cost. While guaranteeing system reliability under constrained Loss of Power Supply Probability. Four configurations as PV/WT/BES, PV/WT/GRID, PV/GRID, and WT/GRID, were modeled and analyzed. While the PV/WT/BES achieved complete renewable penetration, it incurred the highest economic values. In contrast, the PV/GRID emerged as the most cost-effective, with a TNPC of $ 507,985 and LCOE of $ 0.05987/kWh, leveraging the region’s good solar irradiation. The findings demonstrate that grid-connected PV systems proposal a reliable, economical, and environmentally sustainable system for remote area electrification. The study also confirms the efficacy of hybrid technique as a robust metaheuristic technique for designing resilient configurations.