Abstract
Light Fidelity (Li-Fi) offers high data rates in confined areas but is limited by susceptibility to signal blockages and constrained coverage. To address these limitations, Li-Fi is often integrated with Wi-Fi in a heterogeneous network (HetNet), leveraging Li-Fi’s speed with Wi-Fi’s broader coverage. However, hybrid networks introduce frequent handovers between Li-Fi and Wi-Fi access points (APs), especially for users near blind spots or with limited mobility. This paper proposes a link aggregation (LA) approach for a Li-Fi and Wi-Fi HetNet (LA-HLWN), where users receive data from both types of APs simultaneously, enhancing data rates and reducing handover frequency. To manage network load effectively, we develop an algorithm for dynamic data rate allocation, formulated as a multi-dimensional commodity flow problem that considers factors such as user requirements, AP signal quality, and backhaul conditions. Given the NP-hard nature of this problem, our solution models it initially as an integer linear programming (ILP) challenge and then applies a relaxed linear programming (LPP) approach with a rounding technique for real-time allocation. Additionally, to balance throughput and reduce the computational overhead, we implement a strategy to control handover frequency and load distribution across APs, achieving a 54% improvement in throughput. This approach demonstrates the potential of LA in enhancing user satisfaction and system performance in hybrid Li-Fi/Wi-Fi networks.