This research delves into the dynamics of viscous fingering instability within heterogeneous porous media defined by varying permeability, highlighting how these fluctuations influence fluid flow and displacement. This study expands on earlier theoretical frameworks by incorporating spatial periodicity in permeability as established by De Wit and Homsy [1]. Using COMSOL Multiphysics, the research simulates the behaviors of viscous fingering across both layered and checkerboard permeability patterns, revealing distinct flow characteristics that rely on the specific configuration. The results show that layered heterogeneities enhance channeling effects, resulting in a diffusive mixing length profile, while checkerboard arrangements suppress channeling, leading to convective mixing behavior. Key quantitative metrics, such as mixing length and sweep efficiency, are assessed, indicating that increased permeability heterogeneity correlates with shorter breakthrough times and improved fluid displacement efficiency. Consequently, the sweeping effectiveness is compromised in heterogeneous media, providing valuable insights for optimizing fluid dynamics in scenarios such as groundwater management and enhanced oil recovery.