Oral cancer has been witnessing a significant increase in numbers, emphasizing the urgent need for effective screening and diagnostic techniques. Ensuring early and accurate detection with timely intervention is fundamental for improving patient outcomes and lowering the mortality rates in oral cancer. This chapter begins by exploring the broader context of cancer, including its characteristics and epidemiology. It then narrows down to oral cancer, which has seen a substantial rise in cases in recent years, discussing its epidemiological profile, clinical manifestations, and existing diagnostic methods, highlighting their limitations. In response, thermal imaging is introduced as a promising screening and diagnostic tool, detailing its key concepts and technological advancements. The proven effectiveness of thermal imaging in diagnosing various cancers is reviewed, setting the stage for its potential application in oral cancer detection. Combining thermal imaging with artificial intelligence (AI) is proposed as a means to improve the precision and reliability of oral cancer diagnoses. This chapter aims to contribute valuable insights, encouraging the wider incorporation of thermal imaging in therapeutics, with a focus on oral cancer diagnosis complemented by AI.