Plastics are among the greatest industrial innovations in the world, but their extensive use and improper disposal methods are making them more and more harmful to the environment and human health. Marine pollution, chemical contamination, biodiversity loss, and climate change are some of these repercussions. This calls for immediate action to address these pressing issues. Due to the enormous demand and frequent use, several nations are now affected by plastic waste that requires rapid attention and effective management strategies. Polymer pollution on terrestrial and aquatic is on the rise worldwide, highlighting the far-reaching consequences of plastic solid waste on both living and non-living elements of the ecosystem. Accordingly, in this chapter, we focus on the various applications of plastics, their disposal rates, and their impacts on the human environment. Furthermore, this chapter critically evaluates and suggests circular economy solutions to mitigate these impacts and contribute to achieving the sustainable development goals.