Abstract
Cancer is one of the most prevalent diseases worldwide. Its extreme heterogeneity and complexity make it a challenging subject of study. The use of ‘omics’ technologies, such as genomics, proteomics, transcriptomics, and metabolomics, has revolutionized the understanding of cancer. By integrating data from these ‘omics’ technologies and conducting comprehensive analyses, researchers can gain a more comprehensive understanding of the molecular basis of cancer. This knowledge can lead to the essential cancer protein identification for early detection, prognosis, and the development of targeted therapies. Understanding cancer at the molecular level is crucial, as it allows for the development of targeted therapies and personalized treatment strategies. This book chapter describes a comprehensive overview of cancer protein identification and the application of the PPI network in cancer research. The comprehensive emphasis on PPI network topology fundamentals and PPI network biology-based approaches in cancer research is indeed essential. PPI network topology helps researchers identify key nodes that play critical roles in cancer disease development. The network biology approach involves integrating data from various high-throughput omics technologies, such as genomics, proteomics, transcriptomics, and metabolomics, into a single conceptual framework. Network biology-based approaches uncover the intricate relationships between genes, proteins, and other biomolecules involved in cancer development. Exploring the central role of PPI networks played as a biological network model. These PPI networks intricately map the interactions between proteins, unraveling the complexity of cellular processes and signaling pathways. Understanding the critical significance of protein interactions lays the foundation for their application in cancer diagnosis. The role of PPI network in cancer disease diagnosis offers insights into the evolving landscape of cancer diagnosis and precision medicine, highlighting the potential of PPI networks to revolutionize early detection, patient stratification, and personalized therapeutic interventions in the fight against cancer. Furthermore, we address the challenges and future directions in harnessing PPI networks for enhanced cancer disease diagnosis, underscoring their importance in the pursuit of more precise, effective, and timely diagnostic strategies.
