Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are now frequently used to collect all necessary sensory data for decision-making. As a result, it is common for the sensor and sink nodes to synchronize their messages quickly. Due to this consequence, the sensor node consumes much energy because of the enhanced network traffic. Conventional sensor node batteries often have a small number of charge cycles, and recharging the battery at an inaccessible location is impracticable. Some practical concerns are feasible, such as network life, coverage/connectivity, which drains the nodes’ batteries without frequent maintenance, and network performance. To overcome the problem of an energy shortage, energy harvesting (EH) can offer a limitless supply of energy resources for networks. Solar, wind, mechanical, and thermal are all possibilities. Related to the intra-networks-based solution, we have designed an effective solution to solve the above issues called the constrained relay harvesting node placement (CRHNP) approach in EH-WSNs. This algorithm worked based on efficient coverage awareness and showed effective geometric-based coordination among nodes. Finding relay harvesting nodes and employing multiple maximum covering sets scheduling approaches in EH-WSNs are some of the functionalities supported by the CRHNP method. The proposed work’s results are classified into five categories: network lifetime, coverage degree, optimum RH node placement, node performance, and network sustainability performance assessment. The performance of the proposed method outperforms all other algorithms in each sector.